Skip to main content

RAID 5 Data Recovery

RAID 5 Data Recovery


When a customer comes to use with a RAID 5 query, it is important that our engineer understands the concept of RAID 5, the different versions and in some cases proprietary variations.

A working RAID 5 system will consist of at least 3 drives. The total accessible data are will be the equivalant of the total sum of n-1 times the size of the smallest of the drives in array) so if we build a RAID 5 array that has 4 x 36 Gb drives the size of the array would be 36 x (4-1) which gives 36 x 3 = 108 Gbytes.

The remaining 36 Gb is used to calculate parity this is done using XOR calculations


For RAID 5 there is a parity block that shifts its position in the array for each stripe..


The diagram above shows our 4-drive raid 5 array with the Parity block (p) marked in each stripe (A, B, C, D) and Data blocks marked A1, A2 ... through .. D2, D3

Lets explain this a bit more clearly.

In the above array it shows the first four stripes or rows (A B C and D) There are also 4 Drives (or columns) 1 2 3 4.

Each Row/Column is called a block (A1, A2, etc)

One block in each stripe will contain parity - this is a calculation that is performed on the other blocks that gives a unique value that is stored in the parity block. Using this method if a drive fails, the missing data can be calculated using the parity method to recalculate the missing drive.

Parity Rotation
One of the most important factors to analyse when working with a broken raid array is the parity rotation. There are 4 standard methods and several more advanced methods of rotation.

In our example above, you can see that for the first Row the Partity is on Drive 4
The second row it is on Drive 3
The Third  Row is on Drive 2
And the fourth on Drive 1

If I show that as.

01 02 03 PP
04 05 PP 06
07 PP 08 09
PP 10 11 12

We can see the data follows a logical pattern from top to bottom (ignoring Parity blocks) the data from left to right - top to bottom goes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

Now lets look at another, This one is RAID 5E (or sometimes named RAID 5 Dynamic)

01 02 03 PP
05 06 PP 04
09 PP 07 08
PP 10 11 12

In this set up the data blocks carry on from their previous position. Now reading data blocks only from top left to bottom right gives 01 02 03 05 06 04 09 07 08 10 11 12

So the importance of getting the correct parity rotation is vital in ensuring the correct data is read.

The other most common method is forward parity ..

PP 01 02 03          PP 01 02 03
04 PP 05 06          06 PP 04 05
07 08 PP 09          08 09 PP 07
10 11 12 PP          10 11 12 PP

Then we get to the more complex arrays .. which are delayed parity I will cover these in a separate post.

Use this link to find out more about RAID Data Recovery
More about our Services for Data Recovery

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

ReFS (Resiliant File System) Data Recovery

MS ReFS (Resiliant File System) Data Recovery Microsoft introduced their Resilient File System (ReFS) with Windows Server 2012. It is a 'self repairing' file system that detects errors and rebuilds data. MjM Data Recovery are now able to recover data from this file system from single drive servers  to multi drive raid systems . Please visit our main website for details of our Data Recovery Services .

Laptop Data Recovery

A large number of computers sold are laptop computers. They are light and portable. Modern laptops contain very large hard disks at the time of writing this article 500Gb are often seen here for data recovery. One of the most common problems we see are drives where the heads have crashed. The main cause is actually part of the design of the computer - remember the bit where I said 'they are light and portable'? It is easy to put the computer on your lap, then when you need to get up, lift the computer up and put it to one side. This movement can cause a head crash especially if the heads are reading or writing at the time. Most manuals that we have seen recommend putting the computer on a firm surface like a desk or a table and in fact NOT putting it on your lap - strange that they are called 'laptops' when it is not recommended to use them as such. Some manufacturers have developed hardware that detects when the computer is being moved and pulls the heads to a saf...

Raid Recovery

Raid recovery is a specialist type of data recovery service. RAID is an acronym of R edundant A rray of I nexpensive D rives and consists of at least two drives that are configured as a single volume or container. The most common forms of RAID are described below. RAID 0 requires a minimum of two drives that gives the full disk size of both drives as a single volume the data is stored in stripes each stripe consisting of a block of data on each drive block sizes are typically 64kb but we have block sizes from 4kb to 2 Mb in size. This is the cheapest type of RAID but has no redundancy. If one drive fails, then access to all data on both drives is lost. RAID 1 Requires 2 drives the second drive is an identical copy of the first drive meaning that you only get the equivalent of one drive for the price of two. Expensive but offers redundancy so one drive can fail and you can still access the data on the second drive. RAID 5 Requires a minimum of three drives. Is similar to RAID 0 in...